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What are Geological Rocks?
A naturally occurring and consistent overall increase of one or more minerals is referred to as rock in geology. These materials are the fundamental building blocks of the solid Earth, and they typically take the form of recognizable and mappable volumes. According to the processes that resulted in their formation, rocks are commonly divided into three major classes. There are three types of rocks which are igneous rocks, which solidify from molten material called magma, sedimentary rocks, which are made up of bits from pre - existing rocks or materials triggered from solutions and metamorphic rocks, which are made up of igneous or sedimentary rocks that have undergone geochemical adjustments.
Internal structure, texture, and composition are some examples of these geochemical adjustments. On the basis of multiple considerations, the most important of which are chemical, geophysical, and textural attributes, these three classes are further subdivided into numerous groups and types.
Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma, a liquefied combination of rock-forming minerals and usually vapors like gases and steam, solidifies. Igneous rocks are formed at high temperatures because their constitutive minerals crystallize from molten material. They are formed by processes that occur deep within the Earth, typically at depths of 30 to 120 miles, in the mid- to lower crust or upper mantle. Intrusive igneous rocks and extrusive igneous rocks, in which case the cooling molten material is known as lava.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks are those that form at the Earth's surface and are compressed and cemented together with the help of running water, wind, ice, or living beings. The majority of them are dumped from the surface of the land to the bottoms of lakes, rivers, and oceans. Sedimentary rocks are usually divided, which means they have layers. Color, particle size, cement content, and inner configuration can all be used to distinguish layers.
Metamorphic Rocks
Changes in pre - existing rocks under the influence of high relative humidity, pressure, and chemically active solutions form metamorphic rocks. Chemical and physical changes are possible. Metamorphic rocks are often formed by processes deep within the Earth that produce new minerals, textures, and crystal structures, resulting in new minerals, textures, and crystal structures. Recrystallization occurs primarily in the solid state, rather than through complete annealing, and is aided by ductile deformation and the prevalence of interlayer fluids like water. The separation of minerals in to other separate bands during metamorphism often results in evident layering.
What is the Rock Cycle?
Geologic materials go through a number of transformations. Temperature, pressure, time, and changes in environmental conditions in the Earth's crust and at its surface all play a role in the process. The basic interactions between igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks are reflected in the rock cycle. Weathering and transportation to a sedimentation site are all part of erosion. Diagenesis is the process of forming sedimentary rock through grain compaction and natural cementation, crystallization from water or solutions, or recrystallization.
Simple Representation of the Rock Cycle
Created by MkkGo
Created August 26th, 2021
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